Social, Political, Economical Achievements From 2007 to 2017 BS
Economic Development
1. 5 Year Plan started for the first time.
2. Provision of Annual Budget started.
3. Nepal Rastra Bank and Agricultural Development Bank was started.
4. Tribhuvan Highway was constructed.
5. Telephone and telegram services were started.
6. The forest was nationalized.
7. The system of bitta was abolished.
8. Through NIDC (Nepal Industrial Development Corporation) establishment of industries was encouraged.
Social Development
1. The Radio Nepal started its broadcasting service.
2. Establishment of Padma Kanya Multiple Campus, the first women college of Nepal in Bagbazar.
3. Paropakar Anathalaya was established by Dayabir Singh Kansakar.
4. Many English medium schools were established. Similarly, the number of schools reached 4191 whereas, during Rana regime, the number of schools was only 335.
5. Supreme Court was established.
6. Law college was established.
7. Tribhuvan University was established.
8. Nepal became a member of the United Nations Organization (UNO).
9. The first elected government under Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala (B.P. Koirala) was formed.
10. Nepal maintained diplomatic relations with many countries.
11. Multiparty democratic system was practiced.
12. The first democratic constitution was formed.
Failure of the government of B.P Koirala
The government of BP Koirala could only rule for 18 months. The reasons for the failure of the government are:
1. Sharp critics and the opposition party requested the king to dismiss the government.
2. The ruling party neglected the voice of the people and the opposition.
3. There was an internal conflict in the ruling party.
4. King Mahendra was a power lover and he wanted to rule the country directly.
5. There was lawlessness insecurity which helped King Mahendra to dissolve the government.
6. Parties were involved in fulfilling their personal interest.
Black Day in Nepal's History:
1st Poush, 2017 is known as the "Black day in Nepal's history". On this day, King Mahendra dissolved the elected government of B.P Koirala and jailed the leaders. He introduced Panchayat System and started to rule as a dictator. This step of King was against the norms of the democracy, freedom, and human rights.
Blames imposed by the King before dissolving the government
1. The power was used to fulfill personal interest of the individuals keeping the nation and the people aside.
2. No rules and laws were respected by the people and the parties.
3. The government tried to make the administration weak as they worked for their personal benefits forgetting people's sentiment and interest.
4. Corruption was increased because of the misuse of the power and authority.
5. The government failed to maintain peace and order in the country.
6. Anti-national elements increased and national unity was threatened.
Question: If you were a member of political party, what programs would you launch against King Mahendra's action?
Answer:
1. I would aware people to protest against the king's undemocratic step.
2. I would organize a mass protest rally against the step of the king.
3. I would distribute posters, pamphlets to aware people.
4. I would inspire people so that they would create strong protest without having the fear of being jailed.
How do you plan, if you are given the whole responsibility to observe democracy day on 7 Falgun?
I would plan in the following ways to observe democracy day on 7 Falgun:
1. Selection of location to conduct program.
2. Time of program to be held.
3. Request to the related institution to visit a place.
4. Management of furniture.
5. Selection of speakers from intellectual, social and political field.
6. Invitation to participate in the program.
7. Management of banners, posters and pictures.
8. Selection of chairperson to conduct the program.
You're interviewed with the person who had experienced of 2007 to 2017 B.S. political perplexity and its effect. Present model of four questions and answers including his/her opinion.
A retired police officer who had experienced the perplexity and effects of politics from 2007 to 2017 B. S. was interviewed. He was asked the following questions and the answer he gave follows the questions.
Q. What were the epic causes behind the movement of 2007 BS?
Well, there were Ranas' rulings over the countries for more than a hundred years. They were cruel and had adopted family rule. King himself was with no power and wanted to throw Rana regime permanently away. Nepali Congress was against Rana regime and started to revolt. People were suppressed and their rights were not protected. So, the movement of 2007 took place in the country against dictatorship of Ranas and to establish multi party democracy.
Q. How was the political system immediately after 2007 B.S. in the country?
It was far better. King held his power back. A new government in premiership of Mohan Shamsher was formed. Nepali Congress also joined the government. People had better rights. Decision on state matters would be made after discussions. But there were no stable governments formed and political objectives seem unclear.
Q. Sir, how did you play your role then? Was it difficult to support the politics as a police officer?
Very interesting question, it was very tough time for me. I was in favor of democracy. That could not be problematic upto 2017B.S. But, after that I had only two options. Either I have to be in the force and support the government or give up the job and involve in politics. But, it is very interesting that I chose none of them. I preferred the third one. It was to be in the force and help the political leaders secretly.
Q. How do you comment on the steps of King Mahendra on first poush 2017 B.S.?
It was terrific. It had to not be taken. but, he dared. It brought up a volcano in politics. I personally did not support it as it was very undemocratic and against people's wish.
Me: Thank you sir for your time.
PO: Thank you very much.
Show the following historical events by mentioning appropriate date when these events occurred.
1. Introduced Interim government of Law.
2. Resigned by the ministers of Congress party
3. Formation of government in the leadership of Tanka Prasad Acharya.
4. Formation of government in the leadership of Dr. K.I. Singh
These events occurred in respective dates:
1. Introduced Interim Government of law- 2004 B.S.
2. Resigned by the ministers of Congress party- 2008B.S.
3. Formation of government in the leadership of Tanka Prasad Acharya - 2012 B.S.
4. Formation of government in the leadership of Dr. K.I. Singh- 2014B.S.
Assume that you saw these happenings (events). Without use of date make a story. Begin it like this:" At that time I was ten years old. My grandfather told me the concept of democracy but I did not know what the democracy was." The story should not be less than ten lines or half page.
I was of ten years then my grandfather taught me the concept of democracy. But I did not know what it was. Slowly, I learned about it. The constitutional was implemented in the country and the Paropakar Orphanage and girls school were also established. Matrika Prasad Koirala became prime minister within this duration. Bhimdatta Panta launched farmer's revolution. After fifteen months, Nepal Law School was established and five years plan was implemented. During this time the Nepal Rastra Bank, the Supreme Court and the Royal Nepal Academy were established. There was general election after some years. His Majesty's government replaced the word Nepal government. After about 21 months, Koshi barrage was constructed. As the time passed by, politics changed. The parliamentary system ended and parties were banned in 2017 B.S. and partyless panchayat system was implemented throughout the country.
Compare the political condition of Nepal in between the periods of 2007 to 2017 and 2046 to 2060 B.S. Scale 1 cm= 1 years
Main historical events (from 2007 to 2017)
7 Falgun 2007 Declaration of democracy.
17 Chaitra 2008 Enforcement of Interim constitution
12 Asadh 2009 Inauguration of Paropakar Anathalaya
26 Shrawan 2009 Inauguration of Sanskrit Prasarini committee and Nar Vidhayapith.
2 Asadh 2010 Reinstatement of MP Koirala as PM: revolt against Bhim Data Pant.
5 Kartik 2011 Inauguration of Law College.
12 Ashwin 2012 Declaration of first five year plan.
14 Baishakh 2013 Inauguration of Nepal Rastra Bank.
8 Jestha 2013 Establishment of supreme court.
9 Asadha 2014 Establishment of Royal Nepal Academy
7 Falgun 2014 General Elections for parliament
2 Baishakh 2015 His Majesty's Government instead of Nepal government
5 Marg 2015 Inauguration of Royal club.
17 Baishakh 2016 Lying of foundation stone of Koshi barrage.
1 Poush 2017 End of the parliamentary system.
Compare the political condition of Nepal in between the periods of 2007 to 2017 and 2046 to 2060 B.S.
Both the decades more or less stands for unstable government. In 2007 B.S. an interim government was formed with the premiership of Mohan Shamsher while Krishna Prasad Bhattarai was the prime minister of the interim government of 2046. After Matrika Prasad Koirala and Girija Prasad Koirala became prime minister of Nepal respectively. They were followed by Tanka Prasad Acharya and Dr. K.I. Singh in the early 1910s. Similarly, in the mid and late 1950s, there were communist as well as coalition governments. First general election was held in our country in 2015 B.S. Nepali Congress got the majority. B.P. Koirala became the first ever elected prime minister of Nepal. However, the parliament was dissolved and political parties were banned on 1st poush 2017 B.S. by late King Mahendra. Again, in 2059 B.S. His Majesty the king Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah dissolved the parliament and made Lokendra Bahadur Chand the prime minister and experts of various fields as the ministers. This government did not run for a long and hence another government was formed under the prime ministership of Surya Bahadur Thapa. He too could not make the peace talk successfully and pacify the political parties. So, Sher Bahadur Deuba was appointed the prime minister of Nepal for the third time.
Mention any four bases of Nepalese foreign policy.
After the achievement of democracy in Nepal in 2007 B.S it got introduction in world forum. Diplomatic relations were established with many countries. As such, Nepal maintained its foreign policy in such a way that has helped Nepal to remain a natural, peace loving and friendly country in the world arena. Nepal's foreign policy is based upon the principles of panchasheel. Among them any four bases are:
1. Nepal doesn't entertain to interfere very the internal issues of neither any country nor it digest with the interference by any other countries over her.
2. Nepal is a peace loving countries and loves peace and non-violence.
3. Nepal supports the state of non-aggression.
4. It respects for sovereign equality and territorial integrity.
Mention any four activities done by government recently to make Nepal tourism year, 2011 successful.
Tourism can unanimously be one of the best economic resources in the context of Nepal, for Nepal has magnificent and enchanting natural beauties. One may really be spellbind while they are in Nepal. But our country hasn't benefitted from such an important prospective source. As a result our government has once again declared the year 2011 as a tourism year to promote of the country and prosperity is raised. Below are the three activities done by government to make the year successful.
In coordination with the tourism Board there had seen a special inauguration function at the Dashrath Stadium and formally declared the tourism tourism year.
The provision tourism occasions/ demonstrations had been encouraged in remote areas they go for trekking.
The government has started to make arrangement of international advertisements through foreign medias and there important occasions.
Delhi Agreement and End of Revolution of 2007 BS
History: The record of social, political, economical, cultural, activities of past is known as history.
Reasons for 2007 BS revolution:
Aristocratic 104 years family rule of Rana regime.
The impact of Indian independence.
The impact of South Asia independence.
Joint movement between Nepali Congress and Nepal Communist Party.
Economical, social, cultural, exploitation of Rana regime.
Active support of Late King Tribhuvan.
King Tribhuvan returned to Kathmandu on Falgun 4, 2007 BS.
K.I Singh:
He was one of the commanders who revolted against Rana regime and after the restoration of democracy when Matrika Prasad Koirala became Prime Minister, revolted and fled back to Tibet.
Bhim Dutta Panta:
Bhim Dutta Panta was the leader of the United Fundy against Rana regime. After the restoration of democracy, he demanded law and order, security of the people, rights and interest land ownership and revolted against the government. Later he was declared as a terrorist and killed in Dadeldhura in 2011 BS.
Delhi Agreement:
There was a Tripartite agreement between Congress, Rana and Tribhuvan signed history agreement called Delhi Agreement.
Its causes are:
An interim government with 10 members under Prime Minister-ship of Mohan Shumsher, 5 from Nepali Congress and 5 from Rana.
Tribhuvan shall be King of Nepal.
Constituent Assembly will be held within 2 years and till Interim Constitution will be introduced.
There shall be no restriction to open the political parties.
All the political prisoners shall be free.
Two features of Interim Constitution 2007 BS:
Directive principles to establish people's representative government.
People's fundamental rights were ensured.
How do you plan, if you are given the whole responsibility of observing Democracy day on 7th Falgun? What kind of sayings and pictures will you let remain on the poster that you have made? Present it on the basis of description and pictures.
If I am given to whole responsibility to observe Democracy day on 7th Falgun, first of all I will form a democracy day celebration committee. I will further divide invitation, report management, publicity, etc. to each of them respectively. Then with the help of my friends, I will decide the types of programs and ways to carry on them. The given pictures show late king Tribhuwan and the flag of the nations as the symbol of democracy and national unity.
How could the people understand the essence of democracy after the proclamation of 2007? Prepare a report on the basis of social change that took place in the committees.
Nepalese people go emancipation from 104 year old Monarchy through the royal proclamation of late king Tribhuvan. No rights were given to the people during Ranarchy. People restored their rights through this proclamation. They were assured that their representatives would form the government and that they would work for the betterment of all of them. In this way people could understand the essence of democracy after the proclamation of 2007. After the achievement of democracy various changes occurred in the society. Many schools, hospitals, campus, industries, factories were established. People could freely express their dissatisfaction. People helped in running the nations smoothly. They also participated in development works. Society got freedom from chains and suffocating environment.
Why was it necessary to bring the Rana rule to an end?
Reasons to bring an end to the Rana regime are:
1. People were not given freedom in terms of free living social and progressive life. They had to live under political and socially suppressed environment. People could not speak against the autocracy of Ranas.
2. People were brutally suppressed and suppression was mainly focused on education, whereas people had started to know their real need. They wanted to overcome the Rana regime but to stop such social and intellectual changes education centers were decreased in number.
3. People had to pay heavy taxes to different heads. People then were economically exploited and the money collected was spent in luxurious works.
If a journal with special issue of 2007 revolution is published and you are assigned to evaluate it, how will you do it? Present the evaluation scheme.
If a journal with special issue of 2007 revolution is published and I am assigned to reevaluate it, I would read that journal twice conscientiously. As book evaluation is the appreciation of good things criticism of bad things with reasoning, I would prepare the following bases.
Classification of journal being based on the articles mentioned.
1. Quest for the thought and directives mentioned in these articles of that journal.
2. Search for the problems that are raised in those articles and measures to overcome the problems.
3. Evaluation and drawing conclusion of each articles, subject, problems and solution.
4. Personal outlook regarding the journal.
Compose a poem or a song or write a dialogue on the importance of democracy in the modern world.
(Binuta and Lokendra are on the way to school talking to each other)
Binuta: Did you understand yesterday's lesson on democracy? For me everything was new.
Lokendra: Come on, it is not that difficult. Our teacher made clear the system followed all over the world including our country.
Binuta: I know the system of election, choosing leaders like representative govt., upper house lower house any many others? Is that the house similar to the house that we live in? Or it is like a palace or Rana Durbar?
Lokendra: I am glad that you remember at least some words and have curiosity to learn. Democracy, is the fact the government made by the people. People like your parents, my parents and all adults cast their votes to the most capable person who becomes the MP or representative of the people. The meeting hall is called upper and lower house. They discuss together.
Binuta: Wait, Wait....., you said that our parents cast votes. Why can't we also cast votes? Don't we belong to this country?
Lokendra: No, my friend, we are still underage. We cannot decide now who is good and who is bad. Until we reach 18 years we will not be allowed to cast vote.
Binuta: What happens if we cast vote in the name of someone else?
Lokendra: That will be a crime, and a punishable act. We should never even think like that. We should do our duties properly and only then can we claim our rights.
Binuta: I was just joking. Why should we do something in the name of others? Thank you for telling me all of this.
Lokendra: Now, we have reached school. We did not realize how soon we have reached here as we have reached here as we were engaged in talking.
Binuta: Yes, indeed. And I learnt a lot from you. Thank you very much.
What does the tripartite agreement, signed on 15 February 1951 in Delhi, reveal?
The tripartite ((Rana, Congress and King) agreement, signed on 15 February 1951 in Delhi reveals the following points:
1. An elected constituent assembly will frame a democratic constitution within two years.
2. King Tribhuwan will remain king of Nepal.
3. There will be an interim cabinet of 10 ministers under the prime Minister of Mohan Shamsher of which 5 will be taken from the people's side.
4. There will be no restriction to open political organizations.
5. All the political prisoners will be set free.
Mention any three outcomes of the end of the Rana thought.
The outcomes of the end of Ranarchy are as follows:
1. Political, economic and social freedom.
2. Right of people to choose government.
3. Autocratic family rule verses democracy.
4. Acquisition on of some of the people of the tall rights fundamental.
Why was Delhi agreement opposed? Express your own thought.
Delhi agreement was opposed by Dr. K.I Singh and some other people. Delhi agreement was signed among the king, Rana, and congress. It couldn't include all the factions. Some people still wanted the rule of Rana. Some wanted powerful King, some people were with the opinion that the agreement was done without the complete success of the revolution. Rest of the opponents wanted republic as stated in the proclamation. Therefore, the Delhi agreement was opposed.
Write short note on Dr. K.I Singh.
Dr. K.I Singh was a famous freedom fighter. He was the commander of western front during the fight against the Rana. He didn't accept the announcement of king Tribhuwan and continued the revolution. After Delhi agreement, the revolution runs by Dr. K.I Singh was also suppressed.
Write short note on Ganesh Man Singh.
Ganesh Man Singh is called "Iron Man" in the Nepalese political history. He is a well-respected democratic fighter who spent all the years of this for the establishment and the promotion of democracy. He becomes the commander of the "people's" movement 2046." Under his leadership movement got success and democracy was restored in Nepal. He had also contributed a lot to overthrow Rana autocratic rule in 2007 B.S as leader of Nepali Congress party.
Write short note on King Tribhuwan.
King Tribhuwan was born from the second queen of king Prihvi Bir Bikram Shah on 17th Asar 1963 B.S. He became king at the age of 5 and was kept under the control of the Ranas. But he grew up with an aim to restore his power. It was under his guidance and support that "The Praja Parished" was formed in Nepali for the first time. The dramatic escape from the palace and taking asylum in Indian embassy was the unmemorable step of king Tribhuwan for establishment of democracy.
Prepare a dialogue or write a letter to your friend on what you feel about the result of the revolution from the above incidents and royal proclamation.
21-10-2008
Bijuri, Dang
Dear Shyam
I received your letter in the first hour and read it just after lunch. I'm writing to on what I feel about the result of the revolution and royal proclamation. The freedom fighters controlled many places one after another. So Ranas become ready to come to an understanding. The struggle was postponed. Consequently, a tripartite treaty was signed between king Tribhuvan, Nepali Congress and the Ranas. According to this treaty, the Ranas rule came to an end and there would be rule of people's representatives. Similarly, there would be a council of Ministers of 10 ministries including five each from congress and Ranas. After late king Tribhuvan arrived in Kathmandu, he made a royal proclamation. He granted amnesty to all political workers and restored their property. Thus, by the combined efforts of the king and the people, democracy dawned in Nepal on Falgun 7, 2007 B.S.
Write to me as soon as you get this letter.
With best wishes,
Binu
Which of the historical events 1997 B.S. date related to? Describe the event in brief.
1997 B.S. is related to martyrdom. The conspiracy to overthrow the Ranas was revealed and Juddha Shumsher, the then prime Minister, ordered to kill four of the rebels. Shukla Raj Joshi (shastri) was hanged on a tree at Pachali, Teku on 10 Magh 1997. Dharmabhakta Mathema was hanged at Sifal, Pashupati on 12 Magh, Dashrath Chand Thakur and Ganga Lal Shrestha were shot dead earlier at bhukha kusi, Shova Bhagwati on 15 Kartik 1997.
Which of the historical events 1993 B.S: date related to? Describe the event in brief.
Jestha 22, 1993 BS was the day when some veteran leaders of democratic movement of Nepal established the Nepal Praja Parisad. Prominent leaders like Tanka Prasad Acharya, Dharma Bhakta and secretly formed the Nepal Praja Parishad. The main objectives of the Praja Parisad were to overthrow the family rule of the Ranas and introduce democracy in the Kingdom of Nepal.
Which of the historical events 7th Falgun 2007 date related to? Describe the event in brief.
On this day king Tribhuwan announced democracy. Nepal becomes free from the Ranas. The introduction of democracy spread new joy, zeal and enthusiasm.
Why was Delhi Agreement posed? Put you logics.
2007 was the point to end Ranarchism. When the agreement was going on Delhi, Dr. K.I. Singh and other small political parties opposed it. It couldn't cover all the people and organizations. It addressed only to the king, Nepali Congress and Ranas. This agreement also continued the leadership of Ranas. Someone people still wanted the republicanism and concluded the leadership of Ranas. Some people still wanted the republication and concluded that democracy was not on the full-fledged status. Therefore, it was opposed everywhere.
Write any four items of Delhi Agreement in 2007 B.S.
The Delhi Agreement of 2007 B.S. is a very important historical milestone event which directed the progress of Anti-Rana movement to success. After the king Tribhuvan trickily fled to Delhi with the risk of his throne in Nepal, the agreement was held in Delhi in the mediatorship of Indian Government and the presence of the king, the congress badgers and Rana representatives. It is even called the Tripartite Agreement. Following were the items of it:
1. Draft an interim constitution and form a special Constituent Assembly to form a new constitution.
2. To form a ten members cabinet of the 5/5 ratio from the Ranas and the congress under the prime ministry ship of Mohan Shamsher.
3. To continue and restore the king Tribhuvan in throne of Nepal.
4. To set all the prisoners off the imprisonment those who are politically blamed.