•Education
versus
massification
•Key points of presentation •Definition of education•Freire’s view on Education•Definition of massification•Cause & effect of massification•Relation between Education and Massification •Definition of Education •1.a : the action or process of educating or of being educated; also : a stage of such a process
•The act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. -https://www.dictionary.com/browse/education
•Definition contd…
•Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.-Wikipedia
•Education is not the learning of facts, but the training of the mind to think. –Albert Einstein
•Education is an ornament in prosperity and a refuge in adversity. –Aristotle
•The highest education is that which does not merely give us information but makes our life in harmony with all existence. –Rabindranath Tagore
•Education is not filling a pail but the lighting of a fire. -W. B. Yeats
•
•Definition contd…
•The principal goal of education is to create individuals who are capable of doing new things, not simply of repeating what other generations have done. – Jean Piaget
•… In a society in which the main changes are to be brought about through collective deliberation, and in which re-evaluations should be based upon intellectual insight and consent, a completely new system of education would be necessary, one which would focus its main energies on the development of our intellectual powers and bring about a frame of mind which can beat the burden of scepticism and which does not panic when many of the thought habits are doomed to vanish. – Karl Mannheim
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•
•
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•Freire’s view on Education
•Education was founded on reproducing existing political and economical order as ‘education for domestication’ where the learner is conditioned into a structure based on oppressive relations of domination/ subordination.
•Being able to read the world critically enables people to distinguish between education and propaganda.
•The education should enable men to discuss the problem and intervene in that context and it would warn men of the danger and offer them the confidence and the strength to confront the danger instead of surrendering.
•
•Freire’s view on Ed…
•Human beings are gifted by the ability to act consciously, and as such, are not passive but active beings who can mediate between self and reality in order to change the world.
•"Education is an act of love, and thus an act of courage. It cannot fear the analysis of reality or avoid creative discussion“
•Education should offer the man the means to resist the ‘uprooting’ tendencies of our industrial civilization which accompany its capacity to improve living standard.
•massification
•The practice of making luxury products available to the mass market
•The action of promoting or enforcing uniformity in a society; the process of becoming a mass society, especially through development of the mass media.
•Massify: To become, or cause to become, oriented toward mass production, mass consumption, and high throughput rather than individuality.
•massification
•In our highly technical world, mass production as an organization of human labor is possibly one of the most potent instruments of man’s massification -Freire & Freire, 2005
•"A massified society is one which the people, after entering the historical process, have been manipulated by the elite into an unthinking, manageable agglomeration(collection).
•how massification occurs?
•Massification occurs in the masses' inability to participate in societal decision making.
•It also takes shape within the confines of mass production which reduces human labor to a mechanical project, making the worker passive, naive, and fearful. - Freire
•Assistencialism: effect & cause of massification.
•Paulo Freire’s Education for Critical Consciousness asserts that assistencialism “treats the recipient as a passive object, incapable of participating in the process of his own recuperation(recovery).”
•Assistencialism is an especially harmful method of trying to vitiate(defect) popular participation in the historical process.
•In the first place it contradicts man's natural vocation as Subject in that it treats the recipient as a passive object.
•In the second place, it contradicts the process of "fundamental democratization.
•Assistencialism: effect & cause of massification…
•" The greatest danger of assistencialism is the violence of its anti-dialogue, which by imposing silence and passivity denies men conditions likely to develop or to "open" their consciousness.
•For without an increasingly critical consciousness men are not able to integrate themselves into a transitional society, marked by intense change and contradictions.
•
•Dehumanization
•By requiring a man to behave mechanically, mass production domesticates him
•By separating his activity from the total project, requiring no total critical attitude toward production, it dehumanizes him
•
•
•Dehumanization contd…
•The diminished agency of human Subjects in massified, alienated societies encourages the people's incapacity to solve contextually-specific social problems.
•Instead, solutions to problems are imported from outside cultures and consistently prove inoperative and unfruitful.
•The failures emerging from imported band-aid approaches to problems exacerbates(worsens) hopelessness and dehumanization among the people and furthers societal alienation.
-
-Freire
•More about massification…
•Freire distinguishes between the power of "the elite" and the potential power or agency of "the masses."
•The elite are the creators of myths and the primary forces behind epochal shifts.
• The elite are responsible for massification and the importation of solutions to problems.
•The elite dominate, destroy, crush, and place fear in the minds of the people.
•More about massification…
•There is a close potential relationship between na"ive transitivity and massification. If a person does not move from nai"ve transitivity to a critical consciousness but instead falls into a fanaticized(made uncritically devoted) consciousness, he will become even more disengaged from reality than in the semi-intransitive state.
•More about massification…
•In the semi-intransitive state, men are predominantly illogical; in fanaticized consciousness the distortion of reason makes men irrational. The possibility of dialogue diminishes markedly.
• Men are defeated and dominated, though they do not know it; they fear freedom, though they believe themselves to be free. They are directed; they do not direct themselves. Their creative power is impaired. They are objects, not Subjects.
•For men to overcome their state of massification, they must be enabled to reflect about that very condition. But since authentic reflection cannot exist apart from action, men must also act to transform the concrete reality which has determined their massification.
•
•Effect of massification
•The adaptation and lack of engagement typical of semi-intransitivity are thus more prevalent still in a state of massification. The power to perceive authentic causality is obliterated(wiped out) in the semi-intransitive state; hence the latter's magical quality. In massification this power is distorted, producing a mythical quality.
•
•Education and massification
•According to Freire, the emergence of critical transitive consciousness is a central component for generating a notion of collective agency among the masses to circumvent(find a way around) the top down power of the elite.
•Education & Massification…
•…the further, crucial step from naive transitivity to critical transitivity would not occur automatically. Achieving this step would thus require an active, dialogical educational program concerned with social and political responsibility, and prepared to avoid the danger of massification. -Freire
•
•references
•https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/education
•https://www.dictionary.com/browse/education
•dictionary.com, & Collins English Dictionary
•https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/massification
•https://www.definitions.net/definition/massify
•Freire, P., & Freire, P. (2005). Education for critical consciousness. London ; New York: Continuum.
•
•
•
•
•
•
versus
massification
•Key points of presentation •Definition of education•Freire’s view on Education•Definition of massification•Cause & effect of massification•Relation between Education and Massification •Definition of Education •1.a : the action or process of educating or of being educated; also : a stage of such a process
•The act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. -https://www.dictionary.com/browse/education
•Definition contd…
•Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.-Wikipedia
•Education is not the learning of facts, but the training of the mind to think. –Albert Einstein
•Education is an ornament in prosperity and a refuge in adversity. –Aristotle
•The highest education is that which does not merely give us information but makes our life in harmony with all existence. –Rabindranath Tagore
•Education is not filling a pail but the lighting of a fire. -W. B. Yeats
•
•Definition contd…
•The principal goal of education is to create individuals who are capable of doing new things, not simply of repeating what other generations have done. – Jean Piaget
•… In a society in which the main changes are to be brought about through collective deliberation, and in which re-evaluations should be based upon intellectual insight and consent, a completely new system of education would be necessary, one which would focus its main energies on the development of our intellectual powers and bring about a frame of mind which can beat the burden of scepticism and which does not panic when many of the thought habits are doomed to vanish. – Karl Mannheim
•
•
•
•
•Freire’s view on Education
•Education was founded on reproducing existing political and economical order as ‘education for domestication’ where the learner is conditioned into a structure based on oppressive relations of domination/ subordination.
•Being able to read the world critically enables people to distinguish between education and propaganda.
•The education should enable men to discuss the problem and intervene in that context and it would warn men of the danger and offer them the confidence and the strength to confront the danger instead of surrendering.
•
•Freire’s view on Ed…
•Human beings are gifted by the ability to act consciously, and as such, are not passive but active beings who can mediate between self and reality in order to change the world.
•"Education is an act of love, and thus an act of courage. It cannot fear the analysis of reality or avoid creative discussion“
•Education should offer the man the means to resist the ‘uprooting’ tendencies of our industrial civilization which accompany its capacity to improve living standard.
•massification
•The practice of making luxury products available to the mass market
•The action of promoting or enforcing uniformity in a society; the process of becoming a mass society, especially through development of the mass media.
•Massify: To become, or cause to become, oriented toward mass production, mass consumption, and high throughput rather than individuality.
•massification
•In our highly technical world, mass production as an organization of human labor is possibly one of the most potent instruments of man’s massification -Freire & Freire, 2005
•"A massified society is one which the people, after entering the historical process, have been manipulated by the elite into an unthinking, manageable agglomeration(collection).
•how massification occurs?
•Massification occurs in the masses' inability to participate in societal decision making.
•It also takes shape within the confines of mass production which reduces human labor to a mechanical project, making the worker passive, naive, and fearful. - Freire
•Assistencialism: effect & cause of massification.
•Paulo Freire’s Education for Critical Consciousness asserts that assistencialism “treats the recipient as a passive object, incapable of participating in the process of his own recuperation(recovery).”
•Assistencialism is an especially harmful method of trying to vitiate(defect) popular participation in the historical process.
•In the first place it contradicts man's natural vocation as Subject in that it treats the recipient as a passive object.
•In the second place, it contradicts the process of "fundamental democratization.
•Assistencialism: effect & cause of massification…
•" The greatest danger of assistencialism is the violence of its anti-dialogue, which by imposing silence and passivity denies men conditions likely to develop or to "open" their consciousness.
•For without an increasingly critical consciousness men are not able to integrate themselves into a transitional society, marked by intense change and contradictions.
•
•Dehumanization
•By requiring a man to behave mechanically, mass production domesticates him
•By separating his activity from the total project, requiring no total critical attitude toward production, it dehumanizes him
•
•
•Dehumanization contd…
•The diminished agency of human Subjects in massified, alienated societies encourages the people's incapacity to solve contextually-specific social problems.
•Instead, solutions to problems are imported from outside cultures and consistently prove inoperative and unfruitful.
•The failures emerging from imported band-aid approaches to problems exacerbates(worsens) hopelessness and dehumanization among the people and furthers societal alienation.
-
-Freire
•More about massification…
•Freire distinguishes between the power of "the elite" and the potential power or agency of "the masses."
•The elite are the creators of myths and the primary forces behind epochal shifts.
• The elite are responsible for massification and the importation of solutions to problems.
•The elite dominate, destroy, crush, and place fear in the minds of the people.
•More about massification…
•There is a close potential relationship between na"ive transitivity and massification. If a person does not move from nai"ve transitivity to a critical consciousness but instead falls into a fanaticized(made uncritically devoted) consciousness, he will become even more disengaged from reality than in the semi-intransitive state.
•More about massification…
•In the semi-intransitive state, men are predominantly illogical; in fanaticized consciousness the distortion of reason makes men irrational. The possibility of dialogue diminishes markedly.
• Men are defeated and dominated, though they do not know it; they fear freedom, though they believe themselves to be free. They are directed; they do not direct themselves. Their creative power is impaired. They are objects, not Subjects.
•For men to overcome their state of massification, they must be enabled to reflect about that very condition. But since authentic reflection cannot exist apart from action, men must also act to transform the concrete reality which has determined their massification.
•
•Effect of massification
•The adaptation and lack of engagement typical of semi-intransitivity are thus more prevalent still in a state of massification. The power to perceive authentic causality is obliterated(wiped out) in the semi-intransitive state; hence the latter's magical quality. In massification this power is distorted, producing a mythical quality.
•
•Education and massification
•According to Freire, the emergence of critical transitive consciousness is a central component for generating a notion of collective agency among the masses to circumvent(find a way around) the top down power of the elite.
•Education & Massification…
•…the further, crucial step from naive transitivity to critical transitivity would not occur automatically. Achieving this step would thus require an active, dialogical educational program concerned with social and political responsibility, and prepared to avoid the danger of massification. -Freire
•
•references
•https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/education
•https://www.dictionary.com/browse/education
•dictionary.com, & Collins English Dictionary
•https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/massification
•https://www.definitions.net/definition/massify
•Freire, P., & Freire, P. (2005). Education for critical consciousness. London ; New York: Continuum.
•
•
•
•
•
•
b : the knowledge and development resulting
from process of education a person of little education
2. the field of
study that deals mainly with methods of teaching and learning in schools. -https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/education
-dictionary.com, & Collins English Dictionary
-https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/massification
-https://www.definitions.net/definition/massify
-Freire & Freire, 2005
Thank you